reference request - Good books on mathematical logic?
2021年9月4日 · 5 revs, 4 users 71%. CyberFonic. 5. Open Logic Project - is a collection of teaching materials on mathematical logic aimed at a non-mathematical audience, intended for use in advanced logic courses as taught in many philosophy departments. It is open-source: you can download the LaTeX code.
logic - What is the logical operator for but? - Mathematics Stack …
Let us denote the proposition of a sentence S before 'but' as before(S) and after 'but' as after(S). Lets denote the information content of a proposition B when A is already known as I(B|A). Then, 'but' means: I(after(S)|before(S))> I(¬after(S)|before(S)). That is, the information content (surprise) of after(S) is more than ¬after(S) when ...
reference request - Graduate Level Mathematical Logic Textbooks ...
2017年10月18日 · It is also the first book on Peter Smith's list. The most recent review of the book on Amazaon also says: "This 1952 book by Stephen Cole Kleene (1909-1994) is essential for anyone who wants to understand mathematical logic at the graduate level." It looks like it has over 900 citations on CiteSeer (I don't know if that is large for citations ...
What is mathematical logic? - Mathematics Stack Exchange
2016年11月1日 · What does mathematical logic mean? In the book Analysis 1 by Terence Tao, it says: The purpose of this appendix is to give a quick introduction to mathematical logic, which is the language one uses to conduct rigourous mathematical proofs. Checking Wikipedia:
What are the prerequisites for studying mathematical logic?
If you have mathematical background, I recommend Hannes Leitgeb's Mathematical Logic lecture notes, which introduces modern first-order logic up to Godel's first incompleteness theorem, with a conventional kind of deductive system, and has exercises and solutions.
What books to use to start studying Mathematical Logic?
Mathematical logic is a very broad subject, of which propositional calculus is a very elementary part of, and is very well understood, and is in fact quite trivial. A large portion of modern mathematical logic is concerned with Model Theory, and to some extent is a study of the expression power of formal languages.
logic - Translating "neither...nor" into a mathematical logical ...
Mathematically, there are two ways of "translating" "I like neither chocolate nor vanilla" (the two ways are logically equivalent, an instance of de Morgan's laws).
Recommendation on a rigorous and deep introductory logic …
$\begingroup$ Pick up Enderton's A Mathematical Introduction to Logic. Mendelson's Introduction to Mathematical Logic is also standard. Once you're done with those, continue with Shoenfield's Mathematical Logic. Peter Smith has a useful guide for these things, so just google "peter smith logic". $\endgroup$ –
definition - In Mathematical Logic, What is a Language?
2014年5月20日 · From Herbert Enderton, A Mathematical Introduction to Logic (2nd - 2001), Section 2.1. : First-Order Languages , page 69-on. We assume an alphabet with the following symbols :
What's the difference between the main types of logic?
2018年8月30日 · Mathematical logic denote that branch of mathematics that applies the technique of mathematics to the study of logics. It basically provides formal ways to define what a logical system is and how to prove stuff about these systems. Propositional, first-order and second order logics are just few examples of these formal logical systems.