De novo sphingolipid synthesis begins at the cytosolic leaflet of the ER where a set of four enzyme groups coordinately generate ceramides of different acyl chain lengths from non-sphingolipid precursors.

Sphingolipid biogenesis, metabolism and regulation is mediated by a large number of enzymes, proteins and second messengers. There appears to be a core pathway common to all sphingolipid-producing organisms but recent studies have begun to dissect out important, species-specific differences.

2024年4月24日 · De novo sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway is the major contributor of cellular sphingolipids. Their synthesis begins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with the condensation of serine and palmitoyl–coenzyme A to form 3-ketosphinganine (3-KDS), catalyzed by the rate-limiting enzyme serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT).

2024年6月18日 · In this Review, we discuss recent advances in sphingolipid pathways in different organelles, how secreted sphingolipid mediators modulate physiology and disease, progress in...

Sphingoid bases are the building blocks for all sphingolipid derivatives, comprising a complex class of lipids. The biosynthesis and catabolism of these lipids play an integral role in small- and large-scale body functions, including participation in membrane domains and signalling; cell proliferation, death, migration, and invasiveness ...

Complex sphingolipids are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, but are located mainly in the plasma membrane of most mammalian cells where they have a structural function and also serve as adhesion sites for proteins from the extracellular tissue. The glycosphingolipids are especially important for myelin formation in the brain.

Sphingolipids constitute a class of lipids defined by their eighteen carbon amino-alcohol backbones which are synthesized in the ER from nonsphingolipid precursors. Modification of this basic structure is what gives rise to the vast family of sphingolipids that play significant roles in membrane bio …

Here, we summarize progress in the identification and characterization of the enzymes, the transport of ceramide from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus, and discuss how regulating the synthesis of sphingolipids might impact upon their functions.

2024年10月21日 · SPT is the rate-limiting enzyme of the sphingolipid biosynthesis pathway. Pathway for ceramides and sphingosine synthesis. The synthesis of ceramides can occur via the de novo pathway or the hydrolysis pathway. The de novo pathway begins with the transamination of palmitoyl-CoA via a condensation reaction with serine.

2021年2月8日 · Structures of the human serine palmitoyltransferase complex reveal the overall assembly, regulatory mechanisms and substrate selectivity of this key enzyme in sphingolipid synthesis....