Macropores increase the hydraulic conductivity of soil, allowing water to infiltrate and drain quickly, and shallow groundwater to move relatively rapidly via lateral flow. In soil, macropores are created by plant roots, soil cracks, soil fauna, and by aggregation of soil particles into peds.

Macropores are large pores in soil created by both physical processes (e.g., swell-shrink) and biological agents (e.g., plant roots and soil fauna). Macropores have profound impacts on various critical soil ecosystem services/disservices (e.g., flood prevention, contaminant leaching).

比表面积英文为specific surface area，指的是单位质量物质所具有的总面积。 分外表面积、内表面积两类。 国际标准单位为㎡/g。 表面积是固体与周围环境，特别是液体和气体相互作用的手段和途径。 一般有下列三种作用： 1) 固体-固体之间的作用：表现为自动粘结，流动性 (流沙)，压塑性等。 2) 固体-液体之间的作用：表现为浸润，非浸润， 吸附能力 等。 3) 固体-气. 目前，气体吸附分析技术作为多孔材料比表面和孔径分布分析的不可或缺的手段，得到了广泛应用。 物理吸附 …

国际纯粹与应用化学联合会（IUPAC）把粉体材料中的孔按尺寸分为微孔（Micropores）：孔径＜2nm；中孔或介孔(Mesopores)：孔径2～50nm；大孔(Macropores)：孔径＞50nm。

Feb 23, 2013 · How does water in a macropore interact with water in the surrounding soil? How important are macropores in terms of volumes of flow at the hill slope or catchment scale? What are the implications of macropores for movement of solutes and chemical interactions in the soil?” are still relevant today [see also Jury , 1999 ] but relatively few ...

Feb 1, 2024 · Small α and thus fast macropore flow in cores from plough pan and subsoil horizons. These pore networks were poorly connected, yet with vertically continuous biopores. Results suggest pedotransfer approaches based on land use and horizon type.

Besides the size, macropores are distinct from small soil pores in hydraulic functions, such as continuity, tortuosity, and connectivity (Beven and Germann, 1982). Macropores are recognized as primary routes for preferential infiltration in soils.

大孔 (macropores)，大于50nm； 中孔 (mesopores)，2～50nm； 微孔 (micropores)，小于2nm。 大孔,孔性固体 (吸附剂和催化剂)孔的大小与其比表面的大小及吸附质分子的扩散有直接关系。

This paper reviews the importance of large continuous openings (macropores) on water flow in soils. The presence of macropores may lead to spatial concentrations of water flow through unsaturated soil that will not be described well by a Darcy approach to flow through porous media.

Apr 30, 2024 · Scientifically understanding the macropore structure is important for the exploration of soil ecological functions. Drawing upon research literature from diverse nations, this study presents a comprehensive summary of past research findings, thoroughly examining the definition and taxonomy of soil macropores.