Lambda phage inserts chromosome into the cytoplasm of the host bacterial cell. The phage chromosome is inserted to the host bacterial chromosome through DNA ligase. Transcription of the phage chromosome proceeds leftward when the host RNA polymerase attaches to promotor site pL resulting in the translation of gene N.

Phage lambda DNA was one of the earliest model systems for studying the physical nature of DNA and genes, and a substantial amount of early research examined the hydrodynamic properties of the lambda chromosome with the goal of, among other things, determining its absolute molecular weight.

Enterobacteria phage λ (lambda phage, coliphage λ) is a bacterial virus, or bacteriophage, that infects the bacterial species Escherichia coli. This virus is temperate and may reside within the genome of its host through lysogeny. Lambda phage consists of a virus particle including a head (also known as a capsid), tail and tail fibers.

Phage lambda DNA was one of the earliest model systems for studying the physical nature of DNA and genes, and a substantial amount of early research examined the hydrodynamic properties of the lambda chromosome with the goal of, among other things, determining its absolute molecular weight.