A flood basalt (or plateau basalt [1]) is the result of a giant volcanic eruption or series of eruptions that covers large stretches of land or the ocean floor with basalt lava. Many flood basalts have been attributed to the onset of a hotspot reaching the surface of the Earth via a mantle plume. [2]

2023年12月7日 · The Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) is the youngest, smallest and one of the best-preserved continental flood basalt province on Earth, covering over 210,000 km2 of mainly eastern Oregon and Washington, western Idaho, and part of northern Nevada.

Flood basalts are yet another strange type of "volcano." Some parts of the world are covered by thousands of square kilometers of thick basalt lava flows - individual flows may be more than 50 meters thick, and individual flows extend for hundreds of kilometers.

Flood basalt is formed by an eruption or series of eruptions of large volcanic episodes that cover vast stretches of land or ocean floor with flows of mafic igneous rocks (basalt lava flows). A flood-basalt province is popularly known as Trap (Deccan Traps in India).

lava flows (called flood basalts or traps) and volcanic ash bury preexisting terrain, as exemplified by the Columbia Plateau in the northwestern United States. The volcanism involved in such situations is commonly associated with hot spots.

A flood basalt or trap basalt is the result of a giant volcanic eruption or series of eruptions that coats large stretches of land or the ocean floor with basalt lava. Flood basalts have covered areas as large as a continent in prehistory , creating great plateaus and mountain ranges .

Flood Basalts are high volume eruptions that flood vast areas of the Earth, covering broad regions with flat lying lava surfaces. They are said to be the result of mantle convection through hot spots , which occur sporadically in time and place.

Flood basalts are one type of large igneous province (LIP) that characterise the Earth's surface and have been formed at various times in the geological past - some in a submarine environment and some on land (see LIP map).

Among the major outpourings of lava are the huge plains known as flood basalt provinces. The Siberian basalts, the Deccan traps of India, and the Karoo basalts of southern Africa are among the largest of these on land; similar vast plains exist in the ocean basins as well.

Flood basalts form thick piles of basaltic lava flows of vast areal extent (often exceeding 100,000 km 2) and volume (exceeding 100,000 km 3), usually on continental crust. Individual flows may be very voluminous, both exceeding 20 m in thickness, …