The brain can influence commensal organisms (enteric microbiota) indirectly, via changes in gastrointestinal motility and secretion, and intestinal permeability, or directly, via signaling ...

In fact, ghrelin not only affects GH release and appetite stimulation but also has cardiovascular effects, increases gastric movement and secretion of gastric acid, suppresses sympathetic nerves ...

Our results show that gallbladder and gastric motility defects are associated with obesity in pre-adolescents and adults. The same is not apparent at birth, despite the fasting gallbladder volume ...

Metoclopramide stimulates motility of the upper gastrointestinal tract without stimulating gastric, biliary, or pancreatic secretions. The exact mechanism of action of metoclopramide in the ...