This cross-layer interaction ensures the smooth generation, transmission, reception, and storage of data. For example, when delivering an HTTP message, protocols such as DNS, TCP, IP, ARP, and Wi-Fi ...

Examples of such communication networks covered by C12.22 include TCP/IP over Ethernet, SMS over GSM ... request for load profile data that is handled by multiple packets containing the actual load ...

The TCP/IP model (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) serves as the backbone of modern networking, defining how data is transmitted across interconnected networks. It consists of four ...