Fuzzy mathematics, a concept proposed by L.A. Zadeh in 1965, introduces the idea of fuzzy sets, emphasizing elements' degrees of membership in certain classes as potentially infinite. Over decades, ...
Born in Warsaw, Poland, in 1924, the improbably named Benoît B Mandelbröt – the ”B” stands for a non-existent middle name – would be so important to the story of fractal geometry that he pretty ...
In fields ranging from immunology and ecology to economics and thermodynamics, multi-scale complex systems are ubiquitous. They are also notoriously difficult to model. Conventional approaches take ...