Causal inference is a critical area of research in statistics and econometrics, particularly when it comes to understanding treatment effects in observational studies. Unlike randomized controlled ...

“The point is that, according to the researchers’ argument, deprivation lies on a path of cause and effect going from having ADHD to having a lower life expectancy, and adjusting for deprivation could ...

A study reveals a widening life expectancy gap by education level in the US, emphasizing the need for equitable access to ...

Chris Pashos and Krista Payne of United BioSource Corporation explore observational or "non-interventional" studies and how they can enhance the clinical development and commercialization process.

Methods The authors searched the Medline, Embase, LILACS and Cochrane databases from their inception to June 2011. Observational studies meeting the following criteria were included: (1) prespecified ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between ICS and fractures in COPD. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, regulatory documents and company registries were searched up to August 2010.

Objective We performed a meta-analysis of observational studies to quantify the magnitude of the association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and risk of extrahepatic cancers. Design ...

A cohort study is the next most rigorous approach to answer cause and effect questions, sharing with an RCT the advantage of prospective follow-up. In addition, observational studies are more suitable ...

Having attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is associated with a shorter life expectancy and a greater risk of mental ...

Also, to identify the types, frequency and rates of medication administration errors that occurred despite double checking. Methods This was a prospective observational study of paediatric nurses ...

Department of Clinical Pathology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan Method: Data sources were observational studies that examined the association between smoking ...