Objectives: To observe the prevalence of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration in elite athletes as compared with published literature of changes seen in non-athletes—that is, normal population.

Researchers assessed physiologic changes of the spine as well as the frequency of low back pain among astronauts during and after spaceflight.

This curve helps keep the discs and muscles in proper alignment. The lumbar spine rests upon the sacrum. The place where they meet is called the lumbosacral joint, or L5-S1. Above and below each ...

Herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP), also referred to as a herniated disc, is a common spine pathology that occurs approximately 95% of the time at the L4-L5 or L5-S1 level (Fisher et al., ...

or L5-S1. The muscles in your lumbar spine work with your abdominal muscles to move your torso and lower back. These muscles include: Above and below each vertebra is an intervertebral disc.

All subjects were scanned during simulated rowing in an interventional open magnetic resonance imaging scanner. In each simulated rowing position, axial scans were obtained at the level of the L4–5 ...

Objectives Evidence comparing the effectiveness of surgical and conservative treatment of symptomatic lumbar disc herniation is controversial. We sought to compare short-term and long-term ...

Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES) is a serious condition that occurs when the nerve roots in the lower back are compressed, often due to a herniated lumbar disc. This compression can lead to severe ...

The MRI scan demonstrated evidence of mild degenerative disc disease at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 interspace without significant compression of neural structures, with normal appearing vertebral bodies ...

By definition, the lumbar disc spaces should increase in height in the cranial to caudal direction, except disc L5–S1, which normally is smaller than disc L4–L5. Osteophytes, in the spine also called ...