Medically reviewed by Qin Rao, MD A perforated bowel, or intestinal perforation, occurs when a hole forms in the wall of the ...

Medically reviewed by Qin Rao, MD Pancolitis, or extensive colitis, is a form of ulcerative colitis (UC) in which ...

This is the basis for the opening and closing of a stoma, known as stomatal movement, which controls gas exchange necessary for photosynthesis and limits water loss. How do guard cells change ...