MSA has had several names in the past including striatonigral degeneration, olivopontocerebellar atrophy and Shy-Drager syndrome. MSA is considered a rare disease affecting potentially 15,000 to ...

Background Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of unknown etiology, manifesting as combination of parkinsonism, cerebellar syndrome and dysautonomia.

When MSA entered his life around 2005 when he ... Doctors warned early on that this disease was progressive, untreatable and incurable. It felt as though our whole world had crumbled, leaving ...

The severity and progression of the disease was evaluated by the Unified MSA Rating Scale (UMSARS), a validated and disease-specific instrument. [17] UMSARS part I (UMSARS-I) evaluates activities ...