SOIL permeability or hydraulic conductivity is of great importance in the engineering design of foundations, dams, sub-surface drainage systems, irrigation systems, etc. In spite of its importance ...

Graphene has potential applications in the energy sector, including energy storage, solar panels, fuel cells, batteries, and thermal management due to its high conductivity, transparency, surface area ...

This mode is suitable for measuring the electrical properties of conductive and semiconductive samples, as well as for mapping the local conductivity variations across the sample surface. Tapping mode ...