As is well known, solid oxygen appears in three modifications: α(below 23.5° K.); β(23.5°–43.5° K.); and γ(43.5° K. and melting point). In connexion with our investigations on the ...

A novel X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) system which enables to perform a measurement at solid/liquid interface under electrochemical condition is developed and utilized to investigate the ...