Smoking and air pollution harm bone health. Nicotine reduces bone cell production and calcium absorption. Pollutants cause oxidative stress and inflammation, worsening osteoporosis. Children and ...

Calcium is important for bone mineralization. Less bone minerals makes the bone more fragile. Nicotine in the cigarette slows ...

Smoking is known to increase the risk of certain cancers, along with stroke and heart disease. When it comes to bone-related ...

Although lupus skin disease may be effectively treated with antimalarial medications, smoking has been shown to interfere with the benefits of drugs such as hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil®) and ...