The chip starts out as a thin wafer of P-type silicon. This is then coated with a layer of silicon dioxide -- kind of a silicon rust, which doesn't conduct electricity. On top of this is placed a ...

But even then, a doped wafer doesn’t do much until an insulating layer of silicon dioxide is added and the unwanted bits are etched away. That’s a tall order, though; silicon dioxide is ...

Finding ways to deposit III–V compounds onto silicon wafers to make on-chip lasers ... up to 120 nanometres wide and 300 nm deep, in silicon dioxide (a dielectric) with silicon exposed at ...

But although about 75% of the Earth is made from silica — or silicon dioxide (SiO 2), the main ... polycrystalline silicon used to make silicon wafers (smooth thin discs). The richness of ...

Compared to conventional epitaxial processes, which usually produce significant amounts of silicon waste, the new technique effectively delivers ultra-thin wafers without sacrificing any of the ...

Bernardette Kunert, scientific director at imec, commented, “Over the past years, imec has pioneered nano-ridge engineering, a technique that builds on SAG and ART to grow low-defectivity III-V ...

"Conventional 3D chips have been fabricated with silicon wafers in-between, by drilling holes through the wafer—a process which limits the number of stacked layers, vertical alignment resolution ...