2007;5(6):1135-1146. Diagnosing a secundum ASD is more often than not incidental because the defect normally causes symptoms late in adult life. Echocardiography and MRI have completely replaced ...

IL Secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) is the most common and simple type of ASD. Echocardiography (less frequently transesophageal echocardiography) is the first-line diagnostic test. 3D ...