BACKGROUND: Normohormonal primary hyperparathyroidism presents diagnostic and intraoperative challenges, and current literature is conflicting about management. We aim to better define ...

Because the ionized calcium is thought to be the primary stimulus to parathyroid-secretory activity 20,21 it is dangerous to conclude from elevated total serum levels that parathyroid autonomy ...

Ideal candidates for this type of scarless thyroid surgery may have the following diagnoses: Thyroid cancer nodule less than 2 cm Thyroid removal for benign conditions such as goiter or Graves’ ...

A 75 years old woman was diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism and serum calcium levels of 2.96 mmol/L (2.18–2.60 mmol/L). Parathyroid hormone was increased to 644.2 ng/L (18.4–80.1 ng/L).