Plastic-shrinkage and drying-shrinkage cracks are the most common types of random cracking that occur in concrete roads and ...

Intrinsic are naturally occurring cracks that are related to concrete as a material such as plastic settlement and shrinkage, freezing of freshly placed concrete, crazing, thermal and drying ...

One of the leading threats to these structures is concrete shrinkage in the walls which can lead to cracks, enabling water to escape or contaminants to leech into the environment. There are many ...