This process is known as lithography, from the Greek 'lithos' meaning stone, and 'grapho' meaning to write; literally 'to write on stone' where the 'stone' is a large, flat silicon crystal.

A significant enabler of this manipulation is lithography. Derived from the Greek words 'lithos' meaning 'stone' and 'graphein' meaning 'to write', lithography was initially a method of printing ...