happening inside generative AI and large language models. In today’s ... via using a rather old-fashioned mathematical modeling technique known as a Markov chain. You might have heard about ...

Markov models of molecular evolution, phylogenetic tree construction from DNA sequence data, genetics, and infectious disease models. Assuming no knowledge of calculus, the development of mathematical ...

Brief review of conditional probability and expectation followed by a study of Markov chains, both discrete and continuous time. Queuing theory, terminology, and single queue systems are studied with ...

This introductory textbook on mathematical biology focuses on discrete models across a variety of biological subdisciplines. Biological topics treated include linear and non-linear models of ...