Results Mean principal strain values were consistently higher than lateral strains but also had higher amounts of variation, leading to lower iSNR values. However, over the longitudinal study of ...

A final elastic constant is Poisson's ratio, n. This is the ratio of the longitudinal to transverse strains in a body subjected to a uniaxial stress and is given by: n = -(lateral strain/tensile ...

Typically, six-axis force and torque sensors are used in strain gauges, piezoelectric devices and optical ... There are three measurement ranges for force. X-axis force is a longitudinal measurement ...