A final elastic constant is Poisson's ratio, n. This is the ratio of the longitudinal to transverse strains in a body subjected to a uniaxial stress and is given by: n = -(lateral strain/tensile ...

Typically, six-axis force and torque sensors are used in strain gauges ... X-axis force is a longitudinal measurement range, Y-axis force is a vertical measurement range, and Z-axis force is a lateral ...

Introduction 2D strain imaging is a potentially important method for investigating strain distributions in the musculoskeletal system [Drakonaki, 2012]. Inducing tensile strain in the Achilles tendon ...