Methods: Eighteen male baseball players were allocated to two groups on the basis of expert clinical evaluation of the presence (n = 8) or absence (n = 10) of shoulder translational instability. A ...

Interventions All handball players were tested for internal (IR) and external (ER) glenohumeral rotation range of motion. Mean values, minimum, maximum and standard deviation were calculated.

So too is “internal” rotation ... your chest on a bench set to a 45-degree incline, light dumbbells in your hands, arms hanging naturally. Squeeze your shoulder blades and pull them down ...