A holosystolic murmur at the left lower sternal border louder with inspiration is due to tricuspid regurgitation (Carvallo’s sign). The aortic stenosis murmur can radiate to the cardiac apex ...

Conversely, a holosystolic murmur begins with or immediately ... T = tricuspid valve post (left lower sternal border or LLSB) M = mitral valve post (apex) E = “Erb’s point” Note that both ...