Finally, specific causes of upper system epiphora and several new treatment modalities are discussed. (Comp Ophthalmol Update 6: 231-6, 2005) The causes of epiphora are varied in nature ...

Evaluating the cause of epiphora prior to treatment is imperative to a successful outcome (Figures 1 and 2). The history of the patient's problem may help to explain the cause of epiphora.