Electrons are best known for carrying electric ... by Jean-Charles Peltier in 1834 — some sixty years before the discovery of the electron. The goal in solid-state refrigeration is to create ...

Scientists worked with electricity long before they understood that current was made of electrons. The cathode tube was a prime example. By switching on some voltage, scientists could make ...

The discovery was made by astrophysicists from ... Temperatures this extreme results in electrons not being attached to atomic nuclei, but instead floating around in a so-called ionized plasma.

The question of what protons or neutrons are made up of has an apparently simple answer: quarks and gluons. However, when it ...

Quantum chaos, previously theoretical, has been observed experimentally, validating a 40-year-old theory about electrons ...

After over a decade of meticulous data collection, scientists at the H.E.S.S. observatory — which stands for "High Energy ...

A team of researchers has revealed the structure of a modified and evolved version of Photosystem I (PS I), a key protein ...

Strong interactions between subatomic particles like electrons occur when they are at a specific energy level known as the ...

Three new species of superconductivity were spotted this year, illustrating the myriad ways electrons can join together to ...