The four-layer diode was the key to William Shockley's plan to revolutionize AT&T's phone system. It was a great device in theory, but not in practice -- at least not at the time when Shockley ...

In this module, you will learn the fundamental operating principles, design, fabrication techniques, and applications of two of the most widely used light-emitting devices in the world today - ...

In this module on LEDs, we will cover the following topics: Basic operating principles of LEDs, Survey of LEDs, Blue LED and solid state lighting, Basic principle of semiconductor laser, Condition for ...