The four-layer diode was the key to William Shockley's plan to revolutionize AT&T's phone system. It was a great device in theory, but not in practice -- at least not at the time when Shockley ...

Focusing on the principle applications of SLAs, this book illustrates the growing importance of these functional components in the future of optical communications systems.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental principles and applications of semiconductor diode laser arrays. All of the major types of arrays are discussed in detail, including ...

In this module on LEDs, we will cover the following topics: Basic operating principles of LEDs, Survey of LEDs, Blue LED and solid state lighting, Basic principle of semiconductor laser, Condition for ...

The major limitation of an ordinary diode, which leads to the principle of using diodes with op-amps, is that an ordinary diode cannot rectify voltages below V r, the cut-in voltage of the diode.

In this module, you will learn the fundamental operating principles, design, fabrication techniques, and applications of two of the most widely used light-emitting devices in the world today - ...