Evidence suggests that both anxiety and depression might have pathophysiological ... with cognitive impairment (defined as having a Mini-Mental State Examination score <24) were not included ...

Best Tool: While there are many instruments available to measure depression, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), first ... for a diagnostic interview by mental health professionals.

Populations included healthy adults, people with mental health disorders and people with various ... MD effect size for each instrument was: profile of mood states: −7.68 (1 review), Beck Depression ...