Medically reviewed by Rafle Fernandez, MD Valvular heart disease, sometimes called heart valve disease, is when one or more ...

The vast majority of cases of pulmonic valve stenosis are congenital. The symptoms include ... the fluid redistributes centrally causing pulmonary edema resulting in orthopnea (dyspnea while ...

Pulmonary vein stenosis after attempted ... Other rare causes of true mitral stenosis include congenital mitral stenosis, severe mitral annular calcification and prosthetic valve dysfunction.